Les priorités thématiques de la DDC en Colombie portent sur la fourniture de services de base, ainsi que la protection des victimes du conflit. L’accès à l’eau, sa gestion et l’assainissement représentent les autres axes d’engagement de la DDC dans ce pays.
Colombie
 |
Ambassade |
|---|---|
 |
Mission / Délégation / Représentation permanente |
 |
Consulat général |
 |
Représentation honoraire |
 |
Bureau de coopération |
 |
Bureau de contribution |
 |
Ambassade avec Bureau de coopération |
 |
Ambassade avec Centre consulaire régional |
 |
Swiss Business Hub |
 |
Swissnex |
 |
Ville |
 |
Capitale |
 |
Frontière controversée |
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Rivière |
 |
Lac |
En 2012, le gouvernement a annoncé le lancement de négociation en vue de mettre fin au conflit avec la guérilla des Forces Armées Révolutionnaires de Colombie (FARC). Ce processus a conduit à l’adoption d’initiatives législatives comme la loi de restitution des terres des victimes du conflit. Ces négociations ont reçu un écho positif au niveau national et international, mais des milieux s’y opposent et la violence organisée reste un thème d’actualité dans le pays. Les activités de la DDC reposent principalement sur la situation humanitaire préoccupante des victimes du conflit. La stratégie générale vise à contribuer aux processus pour surmonter le conflit armé et appuyer le processus de réconciliation. Elle s’appuie sur diverses modalités de coopération, telles que partenariat bilatéral et multilatéral, ainsi que des actions directes.
APD bilatérale de la Suisse |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 * |
|---|---|---|---|
Mio. CHF |
Mio. CHF |
Mio. CHF |
|
| Direction du développement et de la coopération (DDC) | |||
| Coopération bilatérale au développement | 3.45 | 0.17 | – |
| Aide humanitaire | 10.29 | 12.80 | 10.25 |
| Secrétariat d’Etat à l’économie (SECO) | |||
| Coopération et développement économiques | 19.93 | 17.97 | 21.44 |
| Division Sécurité humaine (DSH) | |||
| Gestion civile des conflits et droits de l’homme | 1.73 | 2.07 | 1.75 |
| Total DDC/SECO/DSH | 35.40 | 33.01 | 33.44 |
| Autres départements et offices fédéraux | |||
| Réseau extérieur du DFAE | 1.27 | 1.50 | .. |
| SEFRI Secrétariat d’Etat à la formation, à la recherche et à l’innovation | 0.20 | 0.12 | .. |
| Total des autres offices fédéraux | 1.47 | 1.62 | – |
| Cantons et communes | 1.11 | .. | .. |
| Total | 37.98 | 34.63 | 33.44 |
Dépenses des autorités suisses pour les projets de coopération et d'aide au développement dans l'année en cours et les deux années précédentes, réparties par institutions.
* prévision; total des données disponibles
.. = non disponible | – = montant nul ou montant < 5'000 CHF
Aide humanitaire
Services de base en faveur de la population victime du conflit
L’aide humanitaire d’urgence couvre les besoins élémentaires des populations affectées par le conflit. Elle porte notamment sur l’accès à l’eau potable, la sécurité alimentaire et les soins de base. Les moyens de subsistance des populations vulnérables sont ainsi assurés, tout comme le renforcement de leurs capacités institutionnelles et organisationnelles, pour leur permettre de participer aux processus de réconciliation. La DDC est particulièrement active au niveau rural.
Gouvernance foncière
Protection des victimes du conflit: processus de restitution des terres
Adopté en 2011, la loi relative aux victimes et à la restitution des terres contient plusieurs mécanismes de protection, en faveur de la population civile. Ces mécanismes s’inspirent de l’approche «Ne pas nuire» qui veille à ce que l’aide octroyée ne constitue pas une source de conflit supplémentaire entre les parties. Concrètement, cette approche s’articule autour de trois axes:
- le renforcement institutionnel
- le développement des capacités individuelles
- la gestion du savoir
Le Ministère de l’agriculture est chargé de l’application de la loi selon cette approche, avec l’expertise de l’Université nationale de Colombie et l’organisation américaine «CDA-Collaborative Learning Projects».
Engagement dans des contextes fragiles et prévention de conflits
Eau
Garantir l’accès à l’eau pour les populations vulnérables, améliorer l’assainissement et la gestion de l’eau
La population, particulièrement dans les régions rurales, a droit à un accès durable à l’eau. L’assainissement doit également pouvoir être garanti. Dans le cadre d’un partenariat public-privé, des entreprises suisses et colombiennes ont effectué des recherches sur la consommation en eau des ménages. Les conclusions de ces études ont permis d’initier un projet-pilote pour promouvoir une meilleure gestion de l’eau. Les connaissances acquises dans la mise en œuvre du projet-pilote ont permis de lancer, en 2012, une seconde phase avec sept grandes entreprises colombiennes. Le projet est coordonné par le Centre national pour une production plus propre (CNPP).
Histoire de la coopération
De l’aide humanitaire à l’appui à la transition
En 2001, la DDC a ouvert un bureau à Bogota avec un programme humanitaire pour améliorer les conditions de vie des victimes du conflit armé. Depuis 2009, la Colombie est un pays prioritaire de la DDC.
Liens
Documents
Projets actuels
Sélection
Allocation of SDC Funding to ICRC Operations in 2019
01.01.2019
- 31.12.2019
In line with the Good Humanitarian Donorship (GHD) principles, Switzerland recognizes the necessity of predictable and flexible funding to respond to changing needs in humanitarian crises. SDC funding to ICRC operations allows the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) to respond proactively and to provide immediate protection and assistance for people affected by armed conflict and other situations of violence.
SDC Education Fund
01.01.2019
- 31.12.2020
As part of its increased commitment for Education and of the implementation of SDC’s Education Strategy, the SDC launches an Education Fund in order to incentivize innovation and the application of new approaches in basic education/vocational skills development and through educational activities across sectors. Innovation can have a catalytic effect on the effectiveness of programmes in and through education. Education is a core enabler for sustainable development and is an important lever in Switzerland’s commitment to promote human and economic development, peace and stability.
Comprehensive Mine Action in Algeciras
24.11.2018
- 23.03.2020
SDC will continue supporting the clearance of antipersonnel mines explosive/unexploded ordnances/ improvised explosive devices in the municipality of Algeciras (Huila), as part of the implementation of the peace accord with the FARC-EP. This project aims to protect highly affected communities by the armed conflict and create conditions for socioeconomic and territorial development in a zone where the FARC-EP had a historic presence. This contribution will address a key issue for a sustainable peace in Colombia. It will also strengthen Campaña Colombiana Contra Minas (CCCM), which is the first and the strongest Colombian association accredited for humanitarian demining.
Strengthening spaces for the protection and participation of children affected by conflict and armed violence in Tumaco
01.11.2018
- 30.04.2020
After the sign of the peace agreement with the FARC, new dynamics of violence have raised in the territories. The expansion and reconfiguration of the non-state armed groups, post-demobilization armed groups, dissidents and other armed groups have increased the humanitarian impact, particularly in rural areas. The deterioration of humanitarian indicators since 2016 evidences the need to continue with the humanitarian response and the protection initiatives, particularly for vulnerable populations such as boys, girls, adolescents and youth as well as afro and indigenous communities.
Mental Health Project in Bosnia and Herzegovina
01.03.2018
- 28.02.2022
The project supports the health authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina to develop a sustainable system of community-based mental health care which provides quality services for persons with mental health problems and takes measures to reduce risks of development of such problems among the population. The respect of human rights and dignity of women and men with mental health disorders, their families and of those at risk of developing such disorders shall be improved as well as social inclusion and quality of life of these persons.
Scaling up of the comprehensive model of water and sanitation for promotion of territorial peace to rural areas of 6 departments of the country (ASIR-SABA)
06.02.2018
- 30.04.2020
SDC will continue, on one hand, supporting the implementation of the institutional strengthening plans in Valle and Cauca in order to guarantee the closing of processes that initiated during the phase 1. On the other hand, the scaling-up of the technical assistance model proposed by SABA will start in la Guajira, Boyacá, Antioquia and Nariño. This project aims to contribute to peacebuilding in rural territories though improving the quality of life of the rural population, through differential schemes that allow sustainable management for the provision of water and sanitation (W & S).
Strenghtening local communities and public officials’ capacities to manage conflicts over land and territories in seven departments in Colombia
15.07.2017
- 14.11.2019
SDC has supported the implementation of Land Restitution Policy throughout institutional strengthening and context analysis by applying situational approach. Due to the land restitution process’ ongoing challenges and the requirements of the Peace Agreement (with FARC), the partners have identified the necessity to work directly with rural communities and territorial authorities to develop their capacities to manage conflicts over land, and integrate into the strategy articulated actions between the local population, the authorities and the academy for the land policy’s future in Colombia.
NRC: Protection, humanitarian assistance and durable solutions for people affected by the armed conflict in Chocó and by the humanitarian crisis on the border Colombia-Venezuela
15.06.2017
- 31.12.2019
SDC will support NRC in reducing the vulnerability of the population affected by the ongoing armed conflict in Chocó and by the humanitarian crisis on the border Colombia-Venezuela. On one hand, responding to the impacts as a result of the prolonged crisis within Venezuela, the population is expected to develop the capacity to identify protection risks and strategies to mitigate them. On the other hand, as for the internal situation in Chocó in the frame of the victims’ reparation, the project seeks to promote their active participation in processes addressed to implement durable solutions.
RNEC: provide legal identity for vulnerable people located in areas of FARC Demobilization
15.06.2017
- 31.10.2020
SDC will support the National Institution for the Registry of Civil Status (Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil RNEC in Spanish) in the process of registration of vulnerable population located in areas where the demobilization of FARC will be carried out. Access to legal registration is a measure of protection of communities at risk or affected by armed conflict, and will also allow access to other basic and social services, such as health and education.
ApS: Territory as a space for peace: governance, education for peace and access to basic services and livelihoods as key elements for development and post-conflict in the Pacific Region
01.04.2017
- 31.12.2019
SDC will support ApS in improving living conditions of rural and ethnic communities in the Pacific Region affected by the armed conflict and natural events with a rights-based approach. The focus of this phase will be on an exit strategy that links humanitarian aid, rehabilitation and development in four departments that were under the influence of the FARC. It will contribute to peacebuilding efforts in Colombia while addressing humanitarian needs in zones where armed violence has increased and state responses have been weak.
Colombia: ACH-E; Schools and communities for peace - recovery of the social, productive and economic conditions of 14 communities affected by armed violence in the departments of Putumayo, Cordoba and Nariño
01.04.2017
- 30.09.2019
SDC will support ACH-E in finding lasting solutions to peace and the recovery of population affected by the armed conflict/violence in the departments of Putumayo, Cordoba and Nariño. The focus of the 5th phase will be on improve authorities capacities to address early recovery needs and guarantee the delivery of basic services, while bridges between the state institutions and the communities will be strengthened.
Protection of children and youth affected by armed violence and/or natural disasters, in the municipalities of Tierralta and Puerto Libertador (Córdoba)
15.02.2017
- 14.02.2020
The history of Colombia has been strongly affected by the omnipresence of armed conflict and violence. Even with the implementation of the peace agreement with the FARC, armed violence is expected to persist due to the presence of other non-state armed actors, especially in peripheral regions and poor urban areas. Several regions will remain affected by violence and human rights violations (i.e. social control by armed groups, limitation on mobility and access, use and recruitment of minors, sexual gender-based violence, threats, extortions), which requires protection and preventive actions for the affected populations. In addition, in rural and urban areas of Córdoba, the access to safe water and sanitation services is limited due to absence of state actors, which increase the vulnerability of the population.
