Rifugiati e sfollati interni: Aiuto umanitario e protezione della popolazione

La DSC offre assistenza ai rifugiati e agli sfollati interni inviando esperti sul posto, erogando aiuti finanziari alle ONG e alle agenzie umanitarie internazionali e collaborando con le autorità locali.

Nella linea di mira della DSC

L'Aiuto umanitario della DSC concentra gran parte del proprio impegno sull’assistenza e sul sostegno ai rifugiati e agli sfollati interni.

Tre quarti dei rifugiati sono concentrati in Paesi in via di sviluppo che non dispongono delle risorse necessarie per accogliere simili flussi di persone e offrire loro una protezione efficace. I profughi arrivati per mare, i cosiddetti «boat people», sono impossibilitati sia a proseguire il proprio viaggio sia a tornare nel Paese d'origine. L'irregolarità della loro situazione li espone a minacce fisiche, a furti e violenze nonché alla tratta di esseri umani.

Contrariamente ai rifugiati, gli sfollati interni non hanno varcato alcun confine nazionale, bensì sono stati costretti a fuggire da una regione all'altra del loro stesso Paese. Le loro sorti ricadono nella competenza di Governi e autorità locali che, molto spesso, non sono in grado o non vogliono assumersi alcuna responsabilità in merito. In questo caso, la Comunità internazionale si fa carico della loro protezione offrendo un aiuto diretto e sviluppando un quadro giuridico adeguato.

Contesto

In caso di migrazioni dovute allo scoppio di una crisi, la DSC adotta misure immediate che rientrano nel quadro dell'aiuto d'emergenza e della ricostruzione, ma il fenomeno delle migrazioni, complesso ed esteso a livello mondiale, richiede ben altri interventi.

Impiego di esperti

L'aiuto umanitario può pertanto assumere forme diverse, come  l'impiego di esperti incaricati della protezione delle vittime di conflitti armati, il supporto alle autorità locali oppure la distribuzione di denaro alle famiglie che accolgono rifugiati affinché possano godere di condizioni di vita migliori.

La DSC mette a disposizione dell'ACNUR esperti del Corpo svizzero di aiuto umanitario (CSA). Nel 2016, 24 esperti del CSA hanno svolto missioni per conto dell'ACNUR in 14 Paesi tra Africa, Asia, America Latina e Medio Oriente. L'ACNUR ha beneficiato delle competenze del CSA in vari settori quali le risorse idriche e il risanamento, la legislazione e la costruzione di ripari.

Un ulteriore pilastro dell'impegno della DSC è il progetto interdipartimentale «Protezione nella regione» e volto a offrire quanto più velocemente possibile protezione ai rifugiati nella propria regione d'origine e ad aiutare i Paesi di prima accoglienza a garantire la tutela necessaria a queste persone.

Reconstruire au-delà de l’urgence 

Un fenomeno in crescita

L’instabilità che caratterizza numerose regioni del mondo porta centinaia di migliaia di persone ad abbandonare il proprio Paese d'origine. L'ACNUR stima che nel 2016 rientreranno nelle sue competenze circa 61.4 milioni di persone (rifugiati, apolidi e sfollati in seguito a conflitti o persone che intendono tornare a casa), le quali avranno bisogno di protezione e assistenza.

Impegno in Siria

Dal 2011, la Svizzera offre aiuto umanitario e protezione alle popolazioni colpite dalla crisi siriana. La DSC attua azioni dirette in loro soccorso, realizzate da esperti del Corpo svizzero di aiuto umanitario (CSA) e presta un contributo finanziario sostanziale alle iniziative multilaterali del Comitato internazionale della Croce rossa e delle agenzie dell'ONU, supportando altresì alcune ONG operanti in loco.

L'impegno della Svizzera in Siria

Medio Oriente

Progetti attuali

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Building Regional and National capacities for improved Migration Governance in the IGAD Region

01.07.2023 - 31.08.2027

The Horn of Africa is of high interest for Switzerland in terms of migration policy. Swiss support to the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) and its Member States will contribute to improve their migration governance capacities so as to enable the organisation to effectively implement regional, continental and global regulatory standards for the protection of refugees and vulnerable migrants in the region.


MiRiDew - Migrant Rights and Decent Work

01.07.2023 - 31.12.2026

Remittances sent home by over 4 million migrant workers have significantly contributed to the economic development of Nepal. The proposed project will enhance the capacities of the Government of Nepal and strengthen mechanisms to better protect the rights of workers abroad. There will be a special focus on women’s need and the adverse effects of climate change exacerbating the vulnerability of migrants. The project capitalises on Switzerland’s longstanding engagement on labour migration in Nepal.


Moldova – Making the Most of Migration

01.06.2023 - 31.12.2026

With one third of Moldova’s population living abroad, the current country`s leadership is firmly committed to harness the development potential of migration. Previous Swiss-supported interventions resulted in a unique mobilization of Moldovan migrants committed to contribute to the development of their home communities. Switzerland will further support Moldova to ensure the sustainability of diaspora engagement models and to improve evidence-based governance through reliable demographic statistics, including migration trends.


Ashshash: for men and women who have escaped trafficking

01.04.2023 - 31.03.2027

20,000 people (of whom 70% women) who have experienced trafficking will be economically and socially rehabilitated. Public and private institutions will provide employment or in-kind support for entrepreneurship to men and women who have escaped trafficking. The Government will better address the prevention of trafficking, protection of victims, prosecution of traffickers in the revision and enacting of policies, and create partnerships, for bringing about systemic changes.


Réinsertion des détenu.e.s en Algérie

01.04.2023 - 31.12.2026

Le projet « Réinsertion des détenu.e.s en Algérie » contribue à la promotion de la réinsertion des détenu.e.s les plus vulnérables dans le tissu social algérien, dans un but déclaré de renforcer la cohésion sociale, une priorité pour le gouvernement. Le projet propose un accompagnement à la Direction Générale de l’Administration Pénitentiaire et de la Réinsertion (DGAPR) pour la modernisation et l’optimisation de la prise en charge et de la formation des détenu.e.s, dans le but de faciliter leur réinsertion sociale.


Program Contribution for Fondation Terre des hommes 2023-2024

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2024

The program of the Terre des hommes Foundation (TdhF) aims to sustainably reduce child mortality and morbidity and to secure access to health, sanitation and clean water for mothers and children (0-18 years) in severe poverty. Children in contexts of migration, conflict and disasters, and child victims of violence are better protected. International standards in child-friendly justice are promoted. Humanitarian interventions in fragile contexts, combined with poverty reduction and sustainable development are promoted through innovative work with children and youths.


Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (unearmarked)

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2024

UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.


Contribution to UNHCR Programme Budget 2023-2024 (earmarked)

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2024

UNHCR is one of Switzerland’s key multilateral partners due to its unique mandate by the General Assembly of United Nations to provide protection and assistance to refugees, asylum seekers, refugee returnees, and stateless persons. The strategic direction 2022-26 concretise the overall mandate of UNHCR for the upcoming years. Contributing to these directions allows Switzerland to achieve in particular the human development goal defined in the Dispatch to Parliament on International Cooperation for 2021-24.


Support to the Programme of Work and Budget of the OECD Development Center 2023 - 2024

01.01.2023 - 31.12.2024

The Development Center (DEV) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is a policy-oriented institution which conducts studies and provides platforms for dialogues and knowledge sharing between OECD and non OECD countries. Switzerland’s contribution to DEV is an investment towards sustainable policy development and reforms as the expertise provided by the DEV brings developing countries closer to relevant OECD standards.


Sri Lanka: Skills for Sustainable Growth

01.11.2022 - 31.12.2025

The current crisis in Sri Lanka is strongly affecting the country’s population. Switzerland and Sri Lanka have a migration partnership. Therefore, Switzerland has a strong interest in supporting skills development in the country. This project will train the Sri Lankan Vocational Training Authority to deliver an international standard curriculum in the hospitality sector to its students, combined with practical learning in hotels. Hence, the students will have better access to employment opportunities.


UNHCR – Solution Strategies for Education and Livelihood of Afghan Refugees in Pakistan

01.06.2022 - 31.05.2026

As part of Switzerland’s commitment to financing sustainable solutions for Afghan refugees, the contribution to UNHCR in Pakistan aims at improving the education and livelihoods prospects of around 60’000 Afghan refugee youths in three provinces of Pakistan. It strengthens Switzerland’s pledge at the Global Refugee Forum 2019 scaling up its support to the inclusion of refugee children in education in line with “SDC’s Education Strategy.


Strengthening Systems of Secondary Cities

01.05.2022 - 31.10.2026

Rooted in the Swiss principle of subsidiarity the programme will enable local government authorities in secondary cities affected by migration and forced displacement to engage with key stakeholders, including the private sector, to consolidate their urban planning and management skills while securing access to financial and technical resources. It will further strengthen cities’ advocacy capacities to make their voices heard in national, regional and multilateral dialogues with a view to disseminate and learn about best practices on migrants’ integration. 

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